Cognitive Gap and Correlation of Safety-I and Safety-II: A Case of Maritime Shipping Safety Management

In contrast to the conventional safety management principle, namely, safety-I, which focuses on “what goes wrong”, a new-born philosophy (safety-II) inspires people investigate “how and why things go right”. present study, cognitive difference correlation between safety-I safety-II in maritime shipping industry are explored investigated. For this purpose, questionnaire is administered survey seafarers experts, semi-structured interviews conducted collect original data associated with safety-II. Then, from experts further processed by empirical statistical methods fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (AHP) methodology. The results show that impacting factors individual aspects usually accepted as dominant respect views of while organizational more influential for safety-II, essential developing an resilience capacity. Based findings discussions, potential countermeasures integrate proposed article. study discusses perspective elucidate issues operations, can be seen main innovation work.